Both Waldorf and Montessori education were developed around the same time (early 1900s) with a shared objective: to create a curriculum that is developmentally appropriate for children and engages them both intellectually and through hands-on experiences. However, while their goals are similar, the methods used to achieve them are quite different.
In Montessori early childhood programs, children have access to a range of tasks (referred to as "work") and can independently move from one activity to another based on their own interests. When they feel ready, they may take a break for a snack and then continue exploring different stations. The activities in a Montessori classroom are designed with a specific academic purpose in mind. While many schools may bear the Montessori name, there can be variations in how the approach is implemented from one school to another as there is no accrediting body.
In contrast...
Waldorf early childhood programs place a strong emphasis on creative and imaginative play, viewing it as the "work" of the child. Children engage in collaborative play, often with open-ended materials such as play silks, blocks, wooden pieces, cups, and bowls, sparking their imaginations. Snack time is a communal experience where children participate in preparing their meal—kneading dough for rolls or chopping vegetables for soup—before sharing the meal together. Waldorf education is dedicated to nurturing the whole child—mind, body, and spirit—through a holistic approach often referred to as “Head, Heart, Hands.”
Waldorf schools also foster values of reverence and gratitude, fostering a deep respect for nature, the world around them, and the interconnectedness of all things. These values are woven throughout the curriculum and daily routines, helping children develop a sense of mindfulness, appreciation, and connection to others.
To ensure that these principles are upheld, only schools accredited by the Association of Waldorf Schools of North America (AWSNA), may call themselves "Waldorf" schools, guaranteeing a consistent and high standard of education.